The history of information technology is very interesting.

This can be traced from the time when a department of information technology used a single computer operator especially for data storage to the modern time with complex communication between computers across the world. For business people, this has altered the business field in which the business field has been level and most businesses and customers are able to communicate freely despite time and location (Schwabach 2006 p87).

The major players in this field are always in constant research in order to come up with the most current products for the competitive market.

This is because this industry has become the backbone of the development of all the other industry. Information technology and computers are mandatory requirements for all the organizations in the current business world (Schwabach 2006 p87). However, players in this industry still experience major challenges with regard to piracy and conspiracy of most of their products. Major players which include Microsoft international, Toshiba, Acer, Compaq, Dell, and Hp among other players have not been able to control this illegal act despite their worldwide operations.

Computer technology industry is majorly concerned in the facilitation of communication, data storage, data processing and data delivery to the right people at the right time. This function is essential to every organization that is involved in business activities across the world. Currently, there is intense competition in this industry and the major player, Microsoft international is no longer enjoying the monopoly power that it used to enjoy before. However, this has led to the reduction in the cost of different products if compared to the past. This has also been attributed to partly by the advancement in the technology as well as due to the upcoming new products.

Computer technology has also been popular across the world and the field of expertise has been developed to a new level. Professionals in this field are many and the services that called for highly trained professionals can now be handled by ordinary people due to the production of computer programs that are user friendly (Geisst 2006 p.28). The availability of computers and the reduction in the cost of computers as well as training has also contributed to exposure IT by almost everybody unlike in the past when computers were for the rich and the middle income earners. Many individuals have become IT professionals are now helping in the executing different tasks like, computer networking and information processing, data management, data base and software design, engineering of computer hardware as well as the administration and management of the entire systems at affordable cost. One of the companies the major player in this industry is the Microsoft Corporation which has also transformed this industry at a great deal.

Microsoft Corporation
Background

Microsoft is a multinational company that is located in Redmond, Washington in the United States of America. Microsoft is a company that has world wide business operations and supports the computing industry in licensing, manufacturing and supporting a wide range of product and services in this industry. Through its product division, Microsoft Corporation consists of a variety of products that includes both services as well as tangible products. Microsoft was constituted I the United States of America on 4th April 1975 with the major objective of developing and selling BASIC interpreters mainly for Altair 8800. However, Microsoft has since dominated the operating system market by developing different products which it has dominated do date. Microsoft home computer operating systems are the most and the commonly used operating in different parts of the world. It has also dominated the office suite with the popular Microsoft office, recently ventured into the video game industry with the introduction of Xbox as well as in the electronics when they introduced Zune into the market (Shelly 2008 p.56). However, Microsoft Corporation has been criticised that it has for a long time used its monopolistic practices in business which they claimed included anticompetitive strategies. The European commission as well as the department of justice in the U.S. also confirmed that they violated the antitrust laws.

Product division

Microsoft Corporation offers a wide range of products into the markets both in the United States and internationally in other countries. These products include Server and tools, windows and windows live division as well as online services in their company clients section. These include a variety of server products, web application programs, software distribution, path management as well as software inventory (Schwabach 2006 p87). This division also provides consulting services in Information technology such as in the certifications of programs hence help in the development of programs and software by other partners.

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In the world we live in today where everything is high tech, change is inevitable. What might be new today can easily be forgotten by tomorrow. However, this might not be very true for television viewing. In fact, have you ever asked yourself the question, “How do I watch TV on my computer?” If you did, then it is good to know that you are not alone. More and more people are looking for ways to watch live tv programs with the use of their computers.

Regardless of the reasons you have for doing so, it is indeed quite convenient to be able to watch your favorite tv programs without the need to actually run two equipments at the same time – which is a television set and a computer for this example. There are moments wherein you are pretty caught up working in front of a computer and watching television will not hurt that much. And so the question goes, “How do I watch TV on my computer?” There are lots of options to choose from and each has its own pros and cons.

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It is wise to consider which options to take based on the type of viewing experience you expect. To make things simpler, there are two ways you can resort to, the first being free and the rest will obviously come with a sound price tag. You can easily try out the first option which is absolutely free by simply doing a quick search online.

There are tons of sites you can stumble upon that could offer free live streaming the moment you visit them. Some will require you to become a member of their site for free before you can actually start watching tons of live videos. The downside of this approach is that not all the programs you are planning to view are always in good quality. Plus, this method can be very demanding when it comes to your internet connection.

The next obvious option you might want to consider is to pay a one-time minimal fee then download the software it comes with or perhaps purchase a TV tuner card for such purpose. This approach is so much like hooking up basic cable service. With this said, you are still limited to the programs that your cable company can offer. So how do I watch TV on my computer, you asked? There are still other ways to do so. Try to broaden your search and hopefully you will find the best methods that will work for you.

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Registry Repair
A registry repair can speed up a slow computer. Cleaning and repairing the registry involves removing unwanted shortcuts, entries and other junk files. Some registry repair programs have been known to increase computer speed by over 50%. This is a remarkable improvement in overall computer speed.

Unused Programs
Many computers have unused programs stored on them which take up valuable space on the hard drive making the computer run slow. Removing unused programs is a great way to free up memory and increase computer speed. Removing unused programs takes little time. This can be done using the Add or Remove Programs option on the Control Panel.

Disk Cleanup
Using the disk clean up tool is likely to give a slow computer a performance boost. During a disk clean up, temporary and unnecessary files are removed from the computer. Temporary internet files can improve network performance but they often take up large amounts of unwanted space on a computers hard drive. A disk clean up frees up space which allows the computer to operate faster. Using the disk clean up tool helps insure that no space is wasted.

File Fragmentation
Fragmentation can affect all computer files. A fragmented disk has files which are not organized and are scattered around a disk. This occurs naturally as a result of normal computer usage when we create, delete and modify files. The disk defragmenter tool was designed to solve this problem and improve computer performance.

System Restore
If all other efforts to fix your slow computer do not help, a system restore can be used to return a computer to its original factory condition. Don’t confuse this option with the built in System Restore inside of Windows. Here I am recommending that you save all of your data and restore your computer back to where it was when you first bought it.

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network storage has the host computer system in a inaccessible place and all the significant records are stored onto this distant computer and the informationcan be conserved and fetched as and when essential. The perfect example of this type of memory is web hosting. The space is booked on the web and the person builds internet site files that are reserved in this server space. For this the web hosting company charges a minimum fee. In case you want exclusive backup space then it is probable by using a intense server. Depending on the volume of records to be saved an particular or a company can prefer either shared or focused server space.

In a laymans word network storage is all about keeping facts uniformly so that the individual users are manage to obtain the facts through a network. With the fixed increase in the volume of the details it has become significant to stored details in a place where it can be safe from virus, spyware, Trojan and the like. Moreover new approaches have paved process to wiser networking storage choices to manage your facts more successfully. With this technology in hand you need not be bothered about dropping your records. At all times your info will hold reliable and you can obtain it irrespective of wherever you are, if the records is accumulated on a web server.

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The origins and roots of computers started out as many other inventions and technologies have in the past. They evolved from a relatively simple idea or plan designed to help perform functions easier and quicker. The first basic type of computers were designed to do just that; compute!. They performed basic math functions such as multiplication and division and displayed the results in a variety of methods.

Some computers displayed results in a binary representation of electronic lamps. Binary denotes using only ones and zeros thus, lit lamps represented ones and unlit lamps represented zeros. The irony of this is that people needed to perform another mathematical function to translate binary to decimal to make it readable to the user.

One of the first computers was called ENIAC. It was a huge, monstrous size nearly that of a standard railroad car. It contained electronic tubes, heavy gauge wiring, angle-iron, and knife switches just to name a few of the components. It has become difficult to believe that computers have evolved into suitcase sized micro-computers of the 1990′s.

Computers eventually evolved into less archaic looking devices near the end of the 1960′s.

Their size had been reduced to that of a small automobile and they were processing segments of information at faster rates than older models. Most computers at this time were termed “mainframes” due to the fact that many computers were linked together to perform a given function. The primary user of these types of computers were military agencies and large corporations such as Bell, AT&T, General Electric, and Boeing. Organizations such as these had the funds to afford such technologies. However, operation of these computers required extensive intelligence and manpower resources. The average person could not have fathomed trying to operate and use these million dollar processors.

The United States was attributed the title of pioneering the computer. It was not until the early 1970′s that nations such as Japan and the United Kingdom started utilizing technology of their own for the development of the computer. This resulted in newer components and smaller sized computers. The use and operation of computers had developed into a form that people of average intelligence could handle and manipulate without to much ado. When the economies of other nations started to compete with the United States, the computer industry expanded at a great rate. Prices dropped dramatically and computers became more affordable to the average household.  Like the invention of the wheel, the computer is here to stay.

The operation and use of computers in our present era of the 1990′s has become so easy and simple that perhaps we may have taken too much for granted. Almost everything of use in society requires some form of training or education. Many people say that the predecessor to the computer was the typewriter. The typewriter definitely required training and experience in order to operate it at a usable and efficient level. Children are being taught basic computer skills in the classroom in order to prepare them for the future evolution of the computer age.

The history of computers started out about 2000 years ago, at the birth of the abacus, a wooden rack holding two horizontal wires with beads strung on them. When these beads are moved around, according to programming rules memorized by the user, all regular arithmetic problems can be done. Another important invention around the same time was the Astrolabe, used for navigation.

Blaise Pascal is usually credited for building the first digital computer in 1642. It added numbers entered with dials and was made to help his father, a tax collector.  In 1671, Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz invented a computer that was built in 1694. It could add, and, after changing some things around, multiply.  Leibnitz invented a special stopped gear mechanism for introducing the addend digits, and this is still being used.

The prototypes made by Pascal and Leibnitz were not used in many places, and considered weird until a little more than a century later, when Thomas of Colmar (A.K.A. Charles Xavier Thomas) created the first successful mechanical calculator that could add, subtract, multiply, and divide. A lot of improved desktop calculators by many inventors followed, so that by about 1890, the range of improvements included: Accumulation of partial results, storage and automatic reentry of past results (A memory function), and printing of the results. Each of these required manual installation. These improvements were mainly made for commercial users, and not for the needs of science.

While Thomas of Colmar was developing the desktop calculator, a series of very interesting developments in computers was started in Cambridge, England, by Charles Babbage (of which the computer store “Babbages” is named), a mathematics professor. In 1812, Babbage realized that many long calculations, especially those needed to make mathematical tables, were really a series of predictable actions that were constantly repeated. From this he suspected that it should be possible to do these automatically. He began to design an automatic mechanical calculating machine, which he called a difference engine. By 1822, he had a working model to demonstrate. Financial help from the British Government was attained and Babbage started  fabrication of a difference engine in 1823. It was intended to be steam powered and fully automatic, including the printing of the resulting tables, and commanded by a fixed instruction program. The difference engine, although having limited adaptability and applicability, was really a great advance.  Babbage continued to work on it for the next 10 years, but in 1833 he lost interest because he thought he had a better idea; the construction of what would now be called a general purpose, fully program-controlled, automatic mechanical digital computer. Babbage called this idea an Analytical Engine. The ideas of this design showed a lot of foresight, although this couldn’t be appreciated until a full century later.

The plans for this engine required an identical decimal computer operating on numbers of 50 decimal digits (or words) and having a storage capacity (memory) of 1,000 such digits. The built-in operations were supposed to include everything that a modern general – purpose computer would need, even the all important Conditional Control Transfer Capability that would allow commands to be executed in any order, not just the order in which they were programmed.

As people can see, it took quite a large amount of intelligence and fortitude to come to the 1990′s style and use of computers. People have assumed that computers are a natural development in society and take them for granted. Just as people have learned to drive an automobile, it also takes skill and learning to utilize a computer.

Computers in society have become difficult to understand. Exactly  what they consisted of and what actions they performed were highly dependent upon the type of computer. To say a person had a typical computer doesn’t necessarily narrow down just what the capabilities of that computer was. Computer styles and types covered so many different functions and actions, that it was difficult to name them all. The original computers of the 1940′s were easy to define their purpose when they were first invented. They primarily performed mathematical functions many times faster than any person could have calculated. However, the evolution of the computer had created many styles and types that were greatly dependent on a well defined purpose.

The computers of the 1990′s roughly fell into three groups consisting of mainframes, networking units, and personal computers. Mainframe computers were extremely large sized modules and had the capabilities of processing and storing massive amounts of data in the form of numbers and words. Mainframes were the first types of computers developed in the 1940′s. Users of these types of computers ranged from banking firms, large corporations and government agencies. They usually were very expensive in cost but designed to last at least five to ten years. They also required well educated and experienced manpower to be operated and maintained. Larry Wulforst, in his book Breakthrough to the Computer Age, describes the old mainframes of the 1940′s compared to those of the 1990′s by speculating, “…the contrast to the sound of the sputtering motor powering the first flights of the Wright Brothers at Kitty Hawk and the roar of the mighty engines on a Cape Canaveral launching pad” (126).

Networking computers derived from the idea of bettering communications. They were medium sized computers specifically designed to link and communicate with other computers. The United States government initially designed and utilized these type of computers in the 1960′s in order to better the national response to nuclear threats and attacks. The Internet developed as a direct result of this communication system. In the 1990′s, there were literally thousands of these communication computers scattered all over the world and they served as the communication traffic managers for the entire Internet. One source stated it best concerning the volume of Internet computers by revealing, “… the number of hosts on the Internet began an explosive growth.

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Before the computer was invented and developed into the highly functional machines that we know today, people used to perform a range of repetitive jobs that involved a lot of computing. These routine tasks involved drafting navigational tables, drawing charts, and even determining planetary positions for astronomical reporting. However thesummary history of computer began as early as 2000 years ago, when the abacus was first used for arithmetic purposes. The abacus contains a wooden rack that holds a couple of horizontal wires where beads are strung on them. The Astrolabe nonetheless, which was an invention of Blaise Pascal, is also being credited for having introduced the very first digital computer during the year 1962.

The very first programmable computer came into existence beginning in 1936 to 1938, and was known as the Z1. This computer was created by Konrad Zuse of Germany, and is now known today to be the first ever electrical binary programmable computer. However to get to know the complete summary history of computer, it is best to look back into the time when the first digital computer was finally developed. In 1937 the ABC or Atanasoff-Berry Computer was developed first by John Vincent Atanasoff, a professor, and Cliff Berry, a graduate student. Although the ABC computer is considered to be the first digital computer, the ENIAC computer by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly is known to be the first functional digital computer.

The first generation computers were developed beginning the 1940s and its architecture was based on huge electronic value. The very first computers were massive, slow, and had very limited computing capabilities. The ENIAC 1 for example necessitated 20,000 vacuum tubes for its operation. Due to their physical inconveniences and slow capabilities, the need for smaller but faster computers became more apparent.

Eventually, programming languages were created, and computers were used extensively in banks, beginning in 1959. In 1958 the integrated circuit or chip became one of the most basic requirements for computer systems. After several years, manufacturers such as IBM, Scelbi, and Apple began to develop systems that started the trend of home or personal computers. Today, computers have become an integral component of modern life, and are being used almost everywhere: in households and schools as well as in huge enterprises and industries, such as supercomputers. By looking into the summary history of computer, you will be better able to trace its roots and understand more clearly how these super machines of today first evolved.

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